Bamboo ndi udzu, chomera chachikulu koma chochepa kwambiri cha herbaceous mu banja la udzu (Poaceae) chokhala ndi mikhalidwe yapadera: Zomera zamtundu wina zimakula kuchokera pa 70 cm mpaka mita ( mainchesi 27.5 ndi mainchesi 39.3)..Wokhoza kugwira mpweya wochuluka wa carbon dioxide katatu kapena kanayi patsiku kuposa zomera zina, umaphuka zaka 100 mpaka 150 pafupifupi koma kenako umafa, mizu yake si yozama kuposa 100 cm (39.3 mkati), ngakhale itali ikakhwima , zimayambira amatha kufika mamita 25 (82.02 ft) m'zaka zitatu zokha, ndipo amatha kupereka mthunzi mpaka maulendo 60, koma osapitirira 3 lalikulu mamita.Manuel Trillo ndi Antonio Vega-Rioja, akatswiri a zamoyo awiri ophunzitsidwa ku yunivesite ya Seville kumwera kwa Spain, apanga nazale yoyamba ya nsungwi yovomerezeka ku Europe.Labu yawo ndi labotale yowona ndikugwiritsa ntchito mapindu onse omwe mbewuyo ingapereke, koma malingaliro a anthu pazabwino izi ndi okhazikika kuposa mizu ya mbewuyo.
Pali mahotela, nyumba, masukulu ndi milatho yansungwi.Udzu umene ukukula mofulumira padziko lonse, udzu umenewu umapereka chakudya, mpweya, ndi mthunzi, ndipo umatha kuchepetsa kutentha kwa chilengedwe ndi madigiri 15 Celsius poyerekeza ndi malo omwe amawalitsidwa ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.Komabe, ili ndi mtolo wabodza wa kuonedwa ngati zamoyo zosautsa, ngakhale kuti mitundu 20 yokha mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino yopitilira 1,500 ndiyomwe imawonedwa ngati yowononga, komanso m'madera ena okha.
“tsankho limabwera chifukwa chosokoneza makhalidwe.Mbatata, tomato ndi malalanje nawonso sachokera ku Ulaya, koma sizowonongeka.Mosiyana ndi zitsamba, mizu ya nsungwi ili pakatikati.Imabala tsinde limodzi lokha [nthambi yochokera ku mwendo umodzi, maluwa kapena minga],” adatero Vega Rioja.
Bambo a Vega Rioja, katswiri wa zomangamanga, anachita chidwi ndi mafakitale awa.Anapereka chikhumbo chake kwa mwana wake monga katswiri wa zamoyo ndipo, pamodzi ndi mnzake Manuel Trillo, adakhazikitsa malo opangira zachilengedwe kuti aphunzire ndikuwonetsa zomerazi ngati zokongoletsera, mafakitale ndi bioclimatic.Awa ndi malo omwe adachokera ku La Bambuseria, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita ochepa kuchokera ku likulu la Andalusia, komanso nazale yoyamba yopanda nsungwi ku Europe.
"Tinatolera mbewu 10,000, 7,500 zomwe zidamera, ndikusankha pafupifupi 400 chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo," akufotokoza motero Vega Rioja.Mu labotale yake ya zomera, yomwe imakhala ndi hekitala imodzi yokha (maekala 2.47) m'chigwa chachonde cha Mtsinje wa Guadalquivir, amawonetsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imagwirizana ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana: ina imatha kupirira kutentha mpaka -12 digiri Celsius (10.4 digiri Celsius).Fahrenheit).kutentha ndi kupulumuka mphepo yamkuntho ya Philomena, pamene ena amamera m'zipululu.Dera lalikulu lobiriwira limasiyana ndi minda yoyandikana nayo ya mpendadzuwa ndi mbatata.Kutentha kwa msewu wa asphalt pakhomo kunali madigiri 40 Celsius (104 degrees Fahrenheit).Kutentha kwa nazale kunali 25.1 digiri Seshasi (77.2 degrees Fahrenheit).
Ngakhale antchito pafupifupi 50 akukolola mbatata zosakwana mita 50 kuchokera ku hoteloyo, mbalame zokhazo zimamveka mkatimo.Ubwino wa nsungwi ngati chinthu chomamva mawu waphunziridwa mosamalitsa ndipo kafukufuku wawonetsa kuti ndi chinthu choyenera chotengera mawu.
Koma kuthekera kwa chimphona chazitsamba chimenechi n’kwambiri.Malinga ndi Scientific Reports, nsungwi, zomwe zimapanga maziko a zakudya za panda wamkulu komanso maonekedwe ake, wakhalapo m’moyo wa anthu kuyambira kalekale.
Chifukwa cha kulimbikira kumeneku ndikuti kuwonjezera pa kukhala gwero la chakudya, kapangidwe kake kapadera, kofufuzidwa mu kafukufuku wa National Science Review, sikunanyalanyazidwe ndi anthu.Chipangizochi chagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapangidwe osiyanasiyana kapena kusunga mphamvu mpaka 20% ponyamula katundu wolemera pogwiritsa ntchito zothandizira zosavuta.Ryan Schroeder wa pa yunivesite ya Calgary mu Journal of Experimental Biology anati:
Nkhani ina yomwe idasindikizidwa mu GCB Bioenergy ikufotokoza momwe nsungwi zingathandizire pakukulitsa mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa."Bioethanol ndi biochar ndizo zinthu zazikulu zomwe zingapezeke," akufotokoza motero Zhiwei Liang wochokera ku yunivesite ya Hungary ya Agriculture and Life Sciences.
Chinsinsi cha kusinthasintha kwa nsungwi ndi kugawa kwapatali kwa ulusi mu silinda yake yopanda kanthu, yomwe idakonzedwa kuti iwonjezere mphamvu zake ndikupindika."Kutsanzira kuwala ndi mphamvu ya nsungwi, njira yotchedwa biomimicry, yakhala yopambana kuthetsa mavuto ambiri pakupanga zinthu," anatero Motohiro Sato wa ku yunivesite ya Hokkaido, yemwenso ndi wolemba Plos One phunziro.Chifukwa cha izi, nsungwi zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi zimapangitsa kuti ikhale chomera chomwe chikukula kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo izi zalimbikitsa gulu la akatswiri ofufuza ku Queensland University of Technology kuti apange ma elekitirodi a batri amphamvu kwambiri kuti azilipiritsa mwachangu.
Kusiyanasiyana kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka nsungwi ndikwambiri, kuyambira kupanga zida zapakhitchini zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka mpaka kupanga njinga kapena mipando m'malo onse omanga.Akatswiri awiri a sayansi ya zamoyo ku Spain ayamba kale njira imeneyi."Sitinasiye kufufuza," adatero Trillo, yemwe ayenera kuwonjezera chidziwitso chake cha biology ndi chidziwitso chaulimi.Ofufuzawo akuvomereza kuti sakanatha kugwira ntchitoyi popanda kumuphunzitsa, zomwe analandira kuchokera kwa mnansi wake Emilio Jiménez ndi digiri ya master.
Kudzipereka kuma labotale a botanical kwapangitsa Vega-Rioja kukhala woyamba kutumiza nsungwi zovomerezeka ku Thailand.Iye ndi Trillo akupitirizabe kuyesa kuphatikizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti apange zomera zomwe zili ndi makhalidwe apadera malinga ndi momwe zimagwiritsidwira ntchito kapena malo omwe akukulirakulira, kapena kufufuza dziko lonse kuti apeze mbewu zapadera zomwe zingawononge ndalama zokwana madola 10 iliyonse kuti apange mitundu yofikira 200 ya nazale.
Ntchito imodzi yokhala ndi kuthekera kwanthawi yayitali komanso zotsatira zanthawi yayitali ndikukhazikitsa malo obiriwira osagwirizana ndi tizilombo m'malo ena momwe njira zothetsera bioclimatic zitha kukwaniritsidwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito nthaka pang'ono (nsungwi imatha kubzalidwanso mu dziwe losambira) popanda kuwonongeka.malo omangidwa.
Amalankhula za madera omwe ali pafupi ndi misewu ikuluikulu, masukulu, malo ochitira mafakitale, malo otseguka, mipanda ya nyumba, misewu, kapena malo opanda zomera.Iwo amati nsungwi si njira ina yothetsera zomera, koma ngati chida chopangira maopaleshoni m'malo omwe amafunikira kuphimba zomera mwachangu.Izi zimathandiza kugwira mpweya wochuluka momwe zingathere, zimapereka mpweya wochuluka ndi 35%, ndikuchepetsa kutentha ndi madigiri 15 Celsius m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Mitengo imachokera ku € 70 ($ 77) kufika ku € 500 ($ 550) pa mita ya nsungwi, malingana ndi mtengo wopangira zomera ndi zosiyana za mitundu yomwe mukufuna.Udzu ukhoza kupereka dongosolo lomwe lidzatha zaka mazana ambiri, ndi mtengo wotsika pa lalikulu mita imodzi yomanga, kumwa madzi ochulukirapo m'zaka zitatu zoyambirira, komanso kutsika kwa madzi pambuyo pa kukhwima ndi kugona.
Iwo akhoza kuchirikiza chonenachi ndi zida zasayansi.Mwachitsanzo, atafufuza m’mizinda 293 ya ku Ulaya yofalitsidwa m’magazini yotchedwa Nature anapeza kuti malo a m’tauni, ngakhale atakhala obiriŵira, amaundana ndi kutentha koŵirikiza kaŵiri kapena kanayi kuposa malo okutidwa ndi mitengo kapena zomera zazitali.nkhalango zansungwi zimagwira mpweya woipa kuposa mitundu ina ya nkhalango.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-14-2023
